Writes the specified objects to the pipeline. If Write-Output is the last command in the pipeline, the objects are displayed in the console.

Write-Output
     [-InputObject] <PSObject[]>
     [-NoEnumerate]
     [<CommonParameters>]

Write-Output sends objects to the primary pipeline, also known as the "output stream" or the "success pipeline." To send error objects to the error pipeline, use Write-Error.

This cmdlet is typically used in scripts to display strings and other objects on the console. One of the built-in aliases for Write-Output is echo and similar to other shells that use echo. The default behavior is to display the output at the end of a pipeline.

Examples

Write-Output "Warning: setting not available"
Write-Output "Error message" >> $logfile
Write-Output "$Message" | Tee-Object $logFile -Append

Additional Resources

• Write-Output (Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs
• Write-Host PowerShell Cmdlet - snippset

Saves command output in a file or variable and also sends it down the pipeline.

Tee-Object
   [-InputObject <PSObject>]
   [-FilePath] <String>
   [-Append]
   [[-Encoding] <Encoding>]
   [<CommonParameters>]

The Tee-Object cmdlet redirects output, that is, it sends the output of a command in two directions (like the letter T). It stores the output in a file or variable and also sends it down the pipeline. If Tee-Object is the last command in the pipeline, the command output is displayed at the prompt.

Example

Write-Output "$Message" | Tee-Object $logFile -Append

The PowerShell redirection operators are as follows, where n represents the stream number. The Success stream ( 1 ) is the default if no stream is specified.

• > Send specified stream to a file. n>
• >> Append specified stream to a file. n>>
• >&1 Redirects the specified stream to the Success stream. n>&1

This example sends all Success stream data to a file called script.log.

.\script.ps1 > script.log

This example sends all streams output from a script called script.ps1 to a file called script.log

.\script.ps1 *> script.log

Source: about Redirection - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Writes customized output to a host.

Write-Host
     [[-Object] <Object>]
     [-NoNewline]
     [-Separator <Object>]
     [-ForegroundColor <ConsoleColor>]
     [-BackgroundColor <ConsoleColor>]
     [<CommonParameters>]

The Write-Host cmdlet's primary purpose is to produce for-(host)-display-only output, such as printing colored text like when prompting the user for input in conjunction with Read-Host. Write-Host uses the ToString() method to write the output. By contrast, to output data to the pipeline, use Write-Output or implicit output.

Write-Host "no newline test " -NoNewline
Write-Host "second string"

no newline test second string

Further information can be found at Write-Host (Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs.

The Copy-Item cmdlet copies an item from one location to another location in the same namespace. For instance, it can copy a file to a folder, but it can't copy a file to a certificate drive.

Copy a file to the specified directory

This example copies the mar1604.log.txt file to the C:\Presentation directory. The original file isn't deleted.

Copy-Item "C:\Wabash\Logfiles\mar1604.log.txt" -Destination "C:\Presentation"

Copy directory contents to an existing directory

This example copies the contents of the C:\Logfiles directory into the existing C:\Drawings directory. The Logfiles directory isn't copied.

If the Logfiles directory contains files in subdirectories, those subdirectories are copied with their file trees intact. By default, the Container parameter is set to True, which preserves the directory structure.

Copy-Item -Path "C:\Logfiles\*" -Destination "C:\Drawings" -Recurse

Further information and samples can be found at Copy-Item (Microsoft.PowerShell.Management) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Selects objects or object properties.

The Select-Object cmdlet selects specified properties of an object or set of objects. It can also select unique objects, a specified number of objects, or objects in a specified position in an array.

To select objects from a collection, use the First, Last, Unique, Skip, and Index parameters. To select object properties, use the Property parameter. When you select properties, Select-Object returns new objects that have only the specified properties.

Example 1: Select objects by property

This example creates objects that have the Name, ID, and working set (WS) properties of process objects.

Get-Process | Select-Object -Property ProcessName, Id, WS

Select-Object (Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Module: Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility

Creates table-like custom objects from the items in a comma-separated value (CSV) file.

Import-Csv
      [[-Delimiter] <Char>]
      [-Path] <String[]>
      [-Header <String[]>]
      [-Encoding <Encoding>]
      [<CommonParameters>]

The Import-Csv cmdlet creates table-like custom objects from the items in CSV files. Each column in the CSV file becomes a property of the custom object and the items in rows become the property values. Import-Csv works on any CSV file, including files that are generated by the Export-Csv cmdlet.

Import-Csv (Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Module: Microsoft.PowerShell.Core

Performs an operation against each item in a collection of input objects.

ForEach-Object
            [-InputObject <PSObject>]
            [-Begin <ScriptBlock>]
            [-Process] <ScriptBlock[]>
            [-End <ScriptBlock>]
            [-RemainingScripts <ScriptBlock[]>]
            [-WhatIf]
            [-Confirm]
            [<CommonParameters>]

The ForEach-Object cmdlet performs an operation on each item in a collection of input objects. The input objects can be piped to the cmdlet or specified by using the InputObject parameter.

Starting in Windows PowerShell 3.0, there are two different ways to construct a ForEach-Object command.

Module: Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility

Converts object properties in comma-separated value (CSV) format into CSV versions of the original objects.

ConvertFrom-Csv
                [[-Delimiter] <Char>]
                [-InputObject] <PSObject[]>
                [-Header <String[]>]
                [<CommonParameters>]

The ConvertFrom-Csv cmdlet creates objects from CSV variable-length strings that are generated by the ConvertTo-Csv cmdlet.

ConvertFrom-Csv (Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Selects objects from a collection based on their property values.

Where-Object
     [-InputObject <PSObject>]
     [-Property] <String>
     [[-Value] <Object>]
     [-EQ]
     [<CommonParameters>]

The Where-Object cmdlet selects objects that have particular property values from the collection of objects that are passed to it. For example, you can use the Where-Object cmdlet to select files that were created after a certain date, events with a particular ID, or computers that use a particular version of Windows.

Example 1: Get stopped services

Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Status -eq "Stopped"}
Get-Service | where Status -eq "Stopped"

Where-Object (Microsoft.PowerShell.Core) - PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Module: Az.ConnectedMachine

Retrieves information about the model view or the instance view of a hybrid machine.

Get-AzConnectedMachine
   [-SubscriptionId <String[]>]
   [-DefaultProfile <PSObject>]
   [<CommonParameters>]

Retrieves information about the model view or the instance view of a hybrid machine.

Example 1: List all connected machines in a subscription

Get-AzConnectedMachine -SubscriptionId 67379433-5e19-4702-b39a-c0a03ca8d20c

Name           Location OSName   Status     ProvisioningState
----           -------- ------   ------     -----------------
winwestus2_1   westus2  windows  Connected  Succeeded
linwestus2_1   westus2  linux    Connected  Succeeded
winwestus2_2   westus2  windows  Connected  Succeeded
winwestus2_3   westus2  windows  Connected  Succeeded

Get-AzConnectedMachine (Az.ConnectedMachine) | Microsoft Docs

Gets preferences for the Windows Defender scans and updates.

Get-MpPreference
  [-CimSession <CimSession[]>]
  [-ThrottleLimit <Int32>]
  [-AsJob]
  [<CommonParameters>]

The Get-MpPreference cmdlet gets preferences for the Windows Defender scans and updates. For more information about the preferences that this cmdlet retrieves, see Windows Defender Preferences Class.

Example to view the scheduled scan day

• The first command gets the preferences and then stores them in the $Preferences variable.
• The second command uses standard dot syntax to display the ScanScheduleDay property of the object stored in the $Preferences variable.

$Preferences = Get-MpPreference
$Preferences.ScanScheduleDay

Details about the preferences for Windows Defender scans and updates can be found in Set-MpPreference PowerShell Cmdlet.

For additional details visit Get-MpPreference (Defender) | Microsoft Docs.

Module: Defender

Configures preferences for Windows Defender scans and updates.

The Set-MpPreference cmdlet configures preferences for Windows Defender scans and updates. You can modify exclusion filename extensions, paths, or processes, and specify the default action for high, moderate, and low threat levels.

Examples

Example to schedule to check for definition updates everyday.

This command configures preferences to check for definition updates every day.

Set-MpPreference -SignatureScheduleDay Everyday

Additional examples at Schedule antivirus scans using PowerShell | Microsoft Docs

Details about the cmdlet at Set-MpPreference (Defender) | Microsoft Docs

Join-Path is a PowerShell cmdlet that combines a base path and a child path into a single one. This is useful for constructing file or directory paths dynamically. The syntax for using Join-Path is:

Join-Path -Path <base path> -ChildPath <child path>

Here's an example of using Join-Path to create a file path:

$directory = "C:\MyFolder"
$filename = "example"
$path = Join-Path -Path $directory -ChildPath "$($filename).txt"

In this example, $directory is the base path, $filename is the child path, and "$($filename).txt" is the desired file extension. Join-Path combines these to create the full file path, which would be "C:\MyFolder\example.txt".

The Invoke-WebRequest PowerShell cmdlet is used to fetch content from a web page on the internet. It allows you to make HTTP requests, retrieve HTML content, and interact with web APIs directly from your PowerShell script.

Gets content from a web page on the internet.

# Here we are asking Google about PowerShell and saving the response
$Response = Invoke-WebRequest -URI https://www.google.com/search?q=powershell

# We use the Content property of $Response to access the webpage content
$Response.Content

In the example above, $Response will store the content retrieved from the specified URL (https://www.google.com/search?q=powershell). You can then use $Response to parse and extract information from the web page as needed.

To learn more about Invoke-WebRequest, you can visit the Microsoft documentation page. This resource provides detailed information and examples to help you understand and use this cmdlet effectively.